Karla Caves

Karla Caves were historically associated with the Mahasamghika sect of Buddhism. Located at a distance of approximately 40 km from the city, the caves date back to the 2nd century BC and represent the golden period of Buddhism in India. These ancient Buddhist Indian rock-cut architecture cave shrines were developed over two periods. These periods are from the 2nd century BC to the 2nd century AD and from the 5th century AD to the 10th century AD.

Running eastward from the Arabian Sea into the Deccan, the caves are on a major ancient trade route. Within the caves, a Buddhist monastery, dating back to the 2nd century BC, is located. A temple dedicated to the Goddess Ekaveera, who is worshipped most notably by the Koli community of Mumbai, is also located within the caves.

Built on the difficult terrain of a rocky hillside, this complex of well-preserved Buddhist caves has its interior lighted by windows. Chaitya with huge pillars and intricately carved relief dating back to the 1st century BC are present in the main hall. Walls of the caves are adorned with sculptures of males and females, as well as animals, including lions and elephants.

Carved prayer halls or chaityas as well as viharas or dwelling places for the caves' monks are also present within the complex. Highlights of the complex are the arched entrances and vaulted interiors.