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Pulwama District, referred to as the ‘Rice Bowl of Kashmir’, is situated in the northernmost state of Jammu and Kashmir. The district is spread over an area of 1,398 sq km and is surrounded by Srinagar, Budgam and Pahalgam districts. Pulwama has 554 villages that are regrouped in four tehsils namely, Shopian, Pulwama, Tral and Pampore.
The ancient district of Pulwama was known as Panwangam, which later became Pulgam and at present Pulwama. The area was chosen as the capital of Awantipora in the days of yore. The district of Pulwama was formed in 1979 after the separation of Pulwama, Shopian and Tral sub-divisions. The administrative centre of the district is Pulwama town, which is located at a distance of 31 km from Srinagar.
The ruins are found at several sites across the district belonging to 854-883 A.D. The region was also under the rule of the Kashmir Sultanate during 1346-1586 and Mughal Empire during the 16th century. By the early 19th century, the region was under the rule of Afghans.
The valleys sprinkled by rivulets along with the Historical Mughal Highway, Aripal Nag and Aharbal waterfalls and Tarsar and Marsar lakes make Pulwama a popular tourist destination. Kungwattam, Nagberan, Hurpora and Shikargah are some of the highlights of the district.
The mountainous terrain provides opportunity for tourists to engage in activities like trekking, skiing, mountain climbing and hiking. The cultural heritage of the destination can be witnessed in the architecture influenced by Indian, Tibetan, and Islamic styles.
Pulwama lies 40 km north from the city of Srinagar, which has the airbase. The airport of Srinagar has frequent connections with cities like New Delhi, Mumbai, Jammu and Bangalore. Besides, the closest railhead of Jammu is situated at a distance of 340 km, which is connected with the rest of the country.
Lying on the Himalayan range, the weather in the region remains pleasant throughout, but the best time to visit Pulwama is from April to October.
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The town of Pulwama and its surroundings have several shrines and mosques, along with a waterfall and two lakes. The most popular shrines and mosques here, include the Payer Temple, Avantishwar Temple, Shrine of Shah Hamdani, Shrine of Syed Hassan Mantaqui, Jama Masjid Shopian and Asar Sharief Pinjoora.
The Payer Temple belongs to the 10th century and is known to have been carved out of a single monolith stone, while the Avantishwar Temple belongs to the 9th century and was built by Raja Awanti Varma. Pulwama is also home to the Shrine of Shah Hamdani, which is said to have been built by Saint Hamdani himself. Amongst the significant shrines of Pulwama is the Asar Sharief Pinjoora that is known for comprising the holy relics of Prophet Mohammed.
Near the Jama Masjid Shopian, there are three other natural attractions, namely Aharbal Waterfall, meadow of Kungwattan and the view point of Hurpora. The Aharbal Waterfall is created by the water of River Vishav and has a height of 24.4 m. Pulwama also has two lakes namely Tarsar and Marsar. These lakes are situated near the village of Nagberan and are closely associated with the folklore of Kashmir.
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