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How tourism can save Indian Tigers  
How tourism can save Indian Tigers
 
How Tourism Can Save Indian Tigers

If you love tigers then would know that the head count of the big cats is reducing at an alarming rate. Poaching, deforestation, population and livestock pressures, revenge killings, pelt sales, Chinese medicine – the reasons are endless. At the last count there were only 1409 tigers left in India. So, what’s the solution?
 
     
     
   

The answer to the perennial problem of wildlife extinction might lie in the concept of Wildlife Tourism. Julian Matthews, chairman of Travel Operators for Tigers (TOFT) campaign says “I believe that tourism is a good thing for tiger conservation. It gives them extraordinary protection through the passive viewing and monitoring of these magnificent creatures”.

According to statistics, national parks and sanctuaries, which are commercially viable, hold the maximum numbers of tigers left in India. Tourism and commercial feasibility have an impact on the health of a park. Not only Government and International funding are obtained for these, but the management also gets motivated to implement measures to protect the endangered. Constant attention and vigil from various segments of the society like conservationists, naturalists, visitors, tourists, hotel owners and NGOs keep the staff and management on their toes.

 
       
     
         
    Reported instances of Tiger Poaching:    
   
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
14
38
39
35
47
8
   
         
 
Problems at large
 
The primary problem lies in illegal poaching of the tigers. Belinda Wright, Director of Wildlife Protection Society of India (WPSI), talks of the urgency of the situation. "Tigers will be poached wherever they are found, given the poor enforcement. The time for making reports and committees is over. We need enforcement". She further states that simple villagers are lured with money by organized criminals and sent to the remotest corners of India for hunting tiger parts.
 
 

Indian Wildlife Tourism should take heart from a country like South Africa where the maintenance cost of the national parks is nearly generated from the tourism industry. A major part of the expenses of the parks are covered by the tourists. Whereas, the fees collected at the Indian sanctuaries are a miniscule part percentage of the cost involved.

Julian suggests that the solution lies in eco-tourism that needs to be extended further and wider. The Indian Government needs to open up more areas of reserve forests, sanctuaries and parks to the outside world for the generation of revenue. It also has to ensure that quality, instead of quantity, gets in. A bigger stake of the income should also be shared with the "communities living next to or within forests," to make them realize being a part of the whole agenda.

 
'Project Tiger' in India
 
 
Project Tiger was initiated in India to save the Bengal Tigers from extinction. The project, which commenced on April 1, 1973, is one of the most successful wildlife conservation endeavors. The task aims at tiger preservation in specially constituted reserves for tigers, spread over bio-geographically diverse sections of India. From a mere 1200 in 1970, the tiger count went up to 3500 in the 1990 and hovered around this number till 2000.
     
Tiger Reserves set up initially were
 
Jim Corbett National Park, Uttarakhand
Kanha National Park, Madhya Pradesh
Manas National Park, Assam
Melghat Wildlife Sanctuary, Maharashtra
Palamau National Park, Jharkhand
Ranthambore National Park, Rajasthan
Simlipal National Park, Orissa
Sundarban National Park and Tiger Reserve, West Bengal
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